Difference between revisions of "D-Serine"
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''Define: schizophrenia:'' a long-term mental disorder of a type involving a breakdown in the relation between thought, emotion, and behaviour, leading to faulty perception, unfitting actions and feelings, withdrawal from reality and personal relationships into fantasy and delusion, and a sense of mental fragmentation.<ref>define: schizophrenia, Google, https://www.google.com/search?q=define%3Aschizophrenia (edited)</ref> | ''Define: schizophrenia:'' a long-term mental disorder of a type involving a breakdown in the relation between thought, emotion, and behaviour, leading to faulty perception, unfitting actions and feelings, withdrawal from reality and personal relationships into fantasy and delusion, and a sense of mental fragmentation.<ref>define: schizophrenia, Google, https://www.google.com/search?q=define%3Aschizophrenia (edited)</ref> | ||
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== Other interesting links == | == Other interesting links == | ||
| + | Schizophrenia, symptoms - https://www.sane.org/mental-health-and-illness/facts-and-guides/schizophrenia | ||
OCD, Glycine - https://www.hindawi.com/archive/2014/859735/ | OCD, Glycine - https://www.hindawi.com/archive/2014/859735/ | ||
Revision as of 20:28, 7 April 2017
NMDA and D-Serine
The NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor (also known as NMDAR), is a glutamate receptor and ion channel protein found in nerve cells. It is activated when glutamate and glycine (or D-serine) bind to it, and when activated it allows positively charged ions to flow through the cell membrane.[1]
D-Serine supplementation can reduce symptoms of cognitive decline. It is also able to reduce symptoms of diseases characterized by reduced NMDA signaling, which includes cocaine dependence and schizophrenia.[2]
D-Serine is an obligatory endogenous coagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, functioning in vivo as a specific and potent full agonist at the NMDAR-associated glycine (GLY) modulatory site (GMS).[3]
Define: co-agonist: (biochemistry) A drug or other chemical that can combine with a receptor on a cell to produce a physiologic reaction typical of a naturally occurring substance. Co-agonist implies it is one of other agonists working in conjunction.[4]
Define: agonist: (biochemistry) A molecule that can combine with a receptor on a cell to produce a physiological reaction.[5]
Oxidative Stress
Oxidative stress theory for adult onset of psychosis:
Oxidative stresses gradually increase until GSH (Glutathione) and MT (Metallothionein) proteins are overwhelmed, resulting in sudden brain inflammation, alteration of NT (neurotransmitter) levels, and disruption of the blood brain barrier. As in Wilson’s Disease, sudden onset of a mental illness in young adulthood may result.[6]
Define: psychosis: a severe mental disorder in which thought and emotions are so impaired that contact is lost with external reality.[7]
All major phenotypes of schizophrenia involve severe oxidative stress, [and] oxidative overload depletes GSH and reduces glutamate activity at NMDA receptors.[6]
Abnormal methylation and severe oxidative stress are major causes of epigenetic errors, [and] greater than 95% of schizophrenics exhibit abnormal methylation or oxidative overload.[6]
Define: schizophrenia: a long-term mental disorder of a type involving a breakdown in the relation between thought, emotion, and behaviour, leading to faulty perception, unfitting actions and feelings, withdrawal from reality and personal relationships into fantasy and delusion, and a sense of mental fragmentation.[8]
Other interesting links
Schizophrenia, symptoms - https://www.sane.org/mental-health-and-illness/facts-and-guides/schizophrenia OCD, Glycine - https://www.hindawi.com/archive/2014/859735/
References
- ↑ NMDA Receptor, Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NMDA_receptor
- ↑ D-Serine', Examine, https://examine.com/supplements/d-serine/
- ↑ D-Serine in Neuropsychiatric Disorders: New Advances,Hindawi,https://www.hindawi.com/archive/2014/859735/
- ↑ co-agonist,wiktionary,https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/co-agonist
- ↑ agonist,wiktionary,https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/agonist
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Biochemical imbalances in mental health populations, William J. Walsh PhD, Walsh Institute, http://www.walshinstitute.org/uploads/1/7/9/9/17997321/biochemical_imbalances_in_mental_health_populations.pdf
- ↑ define: psychosis, Google, https://www.google.com/search?q=define%3Apsychosis
- ↑ define: schizophrenia, Google, https://www.google.com/search?q=define%3Aschizophrenia (edited)
